Apologetics 315 Podcast

🎙️ Show Notes: The Deity of Christ with Robert BowmanThis is a summary of the Apologetics 315 podcast episode featuring an interview with Rob Bowman. Bowman is the president of the Institute for Religious Research (IRR) in Cedar Springs, Michigan, and the author or co-author of 15 books on topics including apologetics, Christology, and the Trinity.This conversation, hosted by Brian Auten and Chad Gross , explores the evidence for the deity of Christ and how believers can be equipped to explain this core doctrine.🔑 Key Takeaways & Topics Guest Information: Rob Bowman is the president of the Institute for Religious Research (IRR) and has written or co-authored 15 books, including works on Christology and the Trinity. Book Focus: The discussion is based on two of Bowman's books: Putting Jesus in His Place: The Case for the Deity of Christ The Incarnate Christ and His Critics, a Biblical Defense The Deity of Christ: The hosts note that this is a critical topic. Bowman emphasizes that the goal for Christians is to have a "real tool" to use in conversations to explain why the New Testament teaches Jesus was God incarnate. 🤔 Addressing Skepticism: Did Jesus Explicitly Claim to Be God?A common skeptical question is why Jesus never explicitly said, "I am God". Bowman responds by noting that Jesus also avoided making other direct claims, such as: He never claimed to be Michael the Archangel or an angel of any sort. He generally avoided saying, "I am the Messiah". His favorite title for himself, "the Son of Man," is never used by him in a first-person singular claim ("I am the Son of Man"). Bowman suggests that Jesus' reticence was because his identity needed to be shown, not just told. He let his words and deeds "add up in people's minds" so that the full picture would be clear after his resurrection. Critics often commit the fallacy of appealing to silence (carpeting what the Bible doesn't say) instead of dealing with what the texts do say. 🚨 Theological Confusion in the ChurchBowman highlights a concerning issue: how many evangelical Christians are actually confused about who Jesus is, with many believing he is a created being. The main reason for this lack of understanding is a serious lack of theological education in congregations. Many pastors avoid "stronger teaching" that challenges people's minds , but a lack of sound doctrine makes Christians vulnerable to "any wind of false doctrine" and skepticism. 🙏 The Apologetic Role of Christ's DivinityThe doctrine of Christ's divinity plays a crucial role: Personal Enrichment: Understanding Jesus' person and work is meant to enhance and enrich a Christian's personal relationship with Him, fostering appreciation and love for Christ. Honoring Jesus: Jesus is worthy of the same honor that is given to God the Father (John 5:23). Answering Skepticism: The evidence of Jesus' resurrection is "overwhelming historical evidence" that validates his claims and the claims of the early church. The incarnation shows that God is not distant, as he got involved in the world to "feel the pain of the world". 🖐️ The HANDS Acronym: A Case for Christ's DeityBowman and his co-author, Ed Komoszewski , created the HANDS acronym as an effective and easy-to-remember way to categorize the lines of argument for the deity of Christ found in the New Testament. H - HonorsJesus receives divine honors such as worship, prayer (e.g., Maranatha, "Oh, Lord, come," a prayer used by the first Jewish Christians in Aramaic ), and glory. Jesus commanded disciples to love him more than their parents, which in an honor/shame culture, puts him at the level of God. A - AttributesJesus possesses divine attributes like being eternal (not a created being) and omniscience (knowing the hearts of people to judge them fairly ). He also exhibits human attributes in the Incarnation. N - NamesJesus is given divine names such as God (sparingly, but used) , Lord (in the context of the Old Testament name Yahweh/Jehovah) , Savior, and the First and the Last. Thomas called Jesus "my Lord and my God" after the resurrection (John 20:28). D - DeedsJesus performs divine deeds that only God can do. These include: Creation (all things came into being through him) , Forgiving sins on his own prerogative (not merely as a delegate) , Casting out demons and healing with effortless, direct authority, unlike the apostles who did so in the name of Jesus Christ , and Judging humanity at the end of the age. S - Seat of God's ThroneJesus sits at the right hand of God the Father, ruling over all creation from the very throne room of God. This is considered a "crowning point" in the overall case.The cumulative weight of all five points is what makes the case powerful, arguing that Jesus must be God, as no one else is permitted to do all these things. These points are not superimposed, but are found coordinated together in single passages of scripture, such as Matthew 28:16-20, John 1:1-18, and Colossians 1:12-20. 🔗 Connect with Robert Bowman Personal Author Website: robertboman.net Ministry Website (IRR): IRR.org for hundreds of free articles on Christianity and other religions

Summary: In this episode, Brian and Chad talk with Christian apologist and evangelist **Eric Hernandez** about his book *The Lazy Approach to Evangelism: A Simple Guide for Conversing with Non-Believers*. Eric discusses how evangelism and apologetics intersect, why every believer is called to defend the faith, and how to engage with skeptics effectively and biblically. Key Topics Covered: * Eric’s philosophy of evangelism and how apologetics fits into it * The danger of emotion-based evangelism vs. truth-based evangelism * Understanding “strongholds” (2 Corinthians 10) as false ideas that block people from knowing God * Identifying and addressing major worldviews: postmodernism, scientism, and naturalism * Paul’s example of adapting to the audience (1 Corinthians 9:20–23) * “The Lazy Approach”: asking the right questions instead of having all the right answers * The importance of theological triage—keeping the main thing the main thing * Understanding the **burden of proof**, **rebuttals vs. refutations**, and **logical fallacies** * Using Colossians 4:5–6 as a biblical foundation for gospel conversations * How Jesus modeled effective apologetics with both compassion and precision * Encouragement for Christians who feel intimidated by evangelism or apologetics * Why apologetics isn’t optional—it’s commanded and part of loving God with all your mind Quotes: “If you’re not engaging in apologetics, you are in rebellious disobedience to the Word of God.” – Eric Hernandez “You don’t need to know all the right answers; you need to learn how to ask the right questions.” “Evangelism isn’t about winning arguments—it’s about tearing down strongholds.” Mentioned in This Episode: * *The Lazy Approach to Evangelism* by Eric Hernandez * Previous Apologetics315 episode: *Eric Hernandez on the Soul* * Greg Koukl – *Tactics: A Game Plan for Discussing Your Christian Convictions* * J. Gresham Machen on false ideas as the greatest obstacles to the gospel * 1 Peter 3:15; 2 Corinthians 10:4–5; Colossians 4:5–6 Resources: * Book: *~[The Lazy Approach to Evangelism on Amazon](https://www.amazon.com/)~* * Eric Hernandez’s YouTube Channel: ~[Eric Hernandez Ministries] * Support Eric’s Ministry: Details and updates available via his upcoming newsletter and website relaunch Takeaway: Apologetics isn’t for specialists—it’s for every Christian. The “lazy” approach isn’t about being passive; it’s about being wise. Ask questions, listen well, keep the main thing the main thing, and let truth do the heavy lifting. ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Guest: Braxton Hunter — President of Trinity College & Seminary, evangelist, apologist, host of Trinity Radio, debate partner with leading atheists including Matt Dillahunty and Dan Barker. Topics Covered Braxton’s background and conversion • Son of a megachurch pastor, early ministry exposure • Initial desire to be a rock musician before surrendering to ministry • Seminary training, pastoral and itinerant evangelistic ministry Shift toward apologetics • Need to answer skeptics in evangelism contexts • Classical apologetics and the “two-step” method (God → Christ) Family and priorities • Marriage, parenting teenage daughters • Intentional discipleship at home — prioritizing family over platform Origins and growth of Trinity Radio • Started as a simple audio response blog • Growth through debates (Dillahunty, Barker), collaboration with other creators • Unique chemistry with Jonathan Pritchett (“good cop / blunt cop” dynamic) The “Core Facts” initiative for churches • A two-day on-site training weekend using Braxton’s book Core Facts • Designed for ordinary church members to gain confidence and competence • Goal: launch sustainable apologetics groups inside local churches Approach to debate & online engagement • Winsome, pastoral tone—credible & charitable without compromise • “Win the person, not just the argument” • Strategic preparation and use of AI/thumbnails/titles for online ministry • Guidance for aspiring Christian content creators Behind the scenes of major debates • 8-month preparation for Matt Dillahunty debate • Note-taking strategy & rehearsing responses • Intentionally creating tone and rapport without ceding substance Referenced Resources Core Facts — Braxton Hunter (2nd edition) Trinity Radio (YouTube / Podcast) “Five Views on Apologetics” — Zondervan TalkAboutDoubts.org — pastoral/apologetic care for doubters ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary In this episode, Brian Auten and Chad Gross welcome back philosopher and author **Peter S. Williams** to discuss his book, *Behold the Man: Essays on the Historical Jesus*. This engaging conversation explores the intersection of worldview, epistemology, and historical scholarship in the search for the real Jesus. Topics Covered: The Structure and Purpose of Behold the Man A collection of revised essays exploring various historical, philosophical, and theological dimensions of Jesus. Worldviews and Historical Inquiry How modernism, postmodernism, and the emerging metamodern perspective affect approaches to the historical Jesus. Epistemology and Openness to Evidence Why the worldview and theory of knowledge you bring impacts whether you can honestly assess historical claims about Jesus. An Early High Christology in James Peter argues for early Christian belief in Jesus’ divinity based on linguistic and contextual clues in the Epistle of James. Dating the Gospels – Especially John Examination of internal and external evidence supporting the traditional dating of the Fourth Gospel and its authorship by the Apostle John. Miracles and the Resurrection Responding to philosophical objections to miracles, with particular focus on David Hume and the resurrection as a historically reasonable belief. Minimal Facts vs. Maximal Data Approaches Comparison between Gary Habermas’s minimal facts method and broader evidential strategies in defending the resurrection. Responding to UFO and Ancient Alien Theories Why Christian apologists should engage with these alternative explanations, and how to challenge them both philosophically and scientifically. Emotional Barriers to Belief How personal experience and discomfort with change often block serious consideration of evidence—and how to engage that pastorally. The Role of Apologetics in Spiritual Formation Why apologetics is a signpost, not a substitute, for commitment to Christ. Knowing *about* Jesus is not the same as *following* Him. ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary Chad Gross interviews Dr. Christopher Cloos about the challenging Old Testament violence texts and his recent debate with theologian Randal Rauser. They explore the complexities of interpreting these texts, the role of moral intuition, and the contrasting views of covenant virtue ethics and providential errancy theory. The conversation delves into how moral intuitions can inform biblical interpretation while also addressing the potential pitfalls of subjectivity in understanding scripture. They explore how moral intuition can be used to interpret scripture, the implications of difficult passages, and the importance of engaging with differing views charitably. The conversation also highlights resources for further learning in this area. Chapters 00:00 Introduction to Apologetics and Old Testament Violence 03:02 Dr. Cloos’ Background and Interest in Old Testament Texts 06:06 Debate Overview: Rauser vs. Cloos on Biblical Violence 08:47 Understanding Moral Intuition in Biblical Interpretation 11:55 Covenant Virtue Ethics vs. Providential Errancy Theory 14:54 The Role of Moral Intuition in Exegesis 17:53 Concerns About Subjectivity in Interpretation 20:50 Using Jesus as a Tool for Interpretation 25:58 Epistemic Circularity and Moral Intuition 32:28 Covenant Virtue Ethics and Difficult Texts 40:02 The Role of Hyperbole in Ancient Texts 48:10 Engaging with Different Views Charitably 53:42 Resources for Further Learning ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary Brian Auten interviews ultra runner and philosopher Sabrina B. Little. They explore the intersection of endurance sports and ethics, discussing how running can cultivate virtue, expose vice, and serve as a training ground for character development. Sabrina shares her journey from philosophy to ultra running, emphasizing the importance of discipline and habit in forming virtues. The conversation delves into the complexities of virtue and vice, the role of sports in moral formation, and the life lessons learned through endurance racing. Chapters 00:00 Introduction to Endurance and Ethics 02:07 Sabrina's Journey: From Philosophy to Ultra Running 08:44 Virtue Development Through Endurance Sports 15:16 The Spectrum of Virtue and Vice 19:09 Habit, Discipline, and Character Formation 23:00 Life Lessons from Endurance Racing 25:03 Training for Life: The Christian Race 28:11 Spiritual Disciplines: The Workout for Character 30:29 Lessons from the Desert Fathers 32:41 Understanding Intransigence in Perseverance 36:01 The Balance of Perseverance and Prudence 40:57 Navigating Competitiveness in Athletics 45:15 Character Development Beyond Sports 46:46 Influential Thinkers and Resources Sabrina Little’s Book: The Examined Run: Why Good People Make Better Runners https://www.amazon.com/Examined-Run-People-Better-Runners/dp/0197678696 https://www.sabrinalittle.com ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary In this episode of the Apologetics 315 podcast, hosts Brian Auten and Chad Gross speak with Dr. Marcus Ross, a prominent figure in the Young Earth Creationism debate. They explore Dr. Ross's background, his journey in paleontology, and the challenges faced by Young Earth Creationists. The conversation delves into the historical context of Young Earth Creationism, the evidence supporting it, and the importance of open dialogue in understanding differing perspectives on creation and evolution. Chapters 00:00 - Introduction to Apologetics 315 Podcast 08:30 - Interview with Dr. Marcus Ross 17:46 - Dr. Ross's Background and Education 18:15 - Understanding Young Earth Creationism 35:02 - Evidence for Young Earth Creationism 39:17 - The Dynamics of Scientific Discourse 41:13 - Exploring Radioactive Dating and Young Earth Hypotheses 53:31 - Young Earth Creationism and Scientific Methodology 58:30 - Interpreting the Fossil Record Through a Young Earth Lens 01:11:01 - Dinosaurs and the Young Earth Perspective 01:16:43 - Punctuated Equilibrium and Paleontology 01:19:07 - Interpreting Data and Scriptural Context 01:23:21 - The Starting Point of Interpretation 01:30:46 - The Challenge of Young Earth Creationism 01:37:51 - Exploring Views on Creation and Salvation 01:44:10 - Collaboration Between Young and Old Earth Creationists 01:52:15 - Resources for Young Earth Creationism ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Episode Summary: In this episode of the Apologetics 315 Podcast, hosts Brian Auten and Chad Gross welcome back J. Warner Wallace and his son Jimmy Wallace to discuss their new graphic novel, 'Case Files: Murder and Meaning.' The conversation explores their journey into comic books, the collaborative process of creating a graphic novel, and the themes of identity and value within the context of law enforcement. They also discuss the challenges of balancing Christian and secular perspectives in storytelling, aiming to create a narrative that resonates with a diverse audience. In this conversation, the speakers delve into the complexities of identity, particularly within the context of law enforcement and the creative process behind their graphic novel. They discuss the importance of apologetics in storytelling, the challenges of character development, and the impact of fiction on moral understanding. The dialogue also touches on the future of their series and the hope of reaching both Christian and non-Christian audiences through their work. Chapters 00:00 Introduction to the Podcast and Guests 03:09 The Journey into Comic Books 05:49 Creating a Graphic Novel: The Collaboration 09:11 Exploring Themes of Identity and Value 11:50 Balancing Christian and Secular Perspectives 14:54 The Challenges of Writing for Diverse Audiences 20:27 Struggles of Identity in Law Enforcement 22:28 The Role of Apologetics in Fiction 24:40 Creative Process in Graphic Novels 26:48 Character Development and Artistic Vision 30:11 Exploring Meaning in Life and Death 34:45 The Impact of Fiction on Moral Development 38:41 Future Directions for the Series ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on X, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Episode Summary: In this episode of the Apologetics 315 podcast, hosts Brian Auten and Chad Gross discuss the book “Rational Faith” by Stephen T. Davis. They explore the unique approach Davis takes in defending Christianity, emphasizing humility in apologetics and the rational basis for faith. The conversation covers various themes including theistic evolution, the reliability of the Gospels, and arguments for the resurrection of Jesus. The hosts appreciate Davis's ability to present complex ideas in an accessible manner, making a case for Christianity that is both thoughtful and engaging. Chapters 00:00 Introduction 00:48 Overview of “Rational Faith” by Stephen T. Davis 02:59 Unique Approach to Apologetics 06:10 Humility in Apologetics 09:01 Theistic Evolution and Christianity 11:56 Faith and Reason in Christianity 15:05 Cosmological Arguments for God's Existence 17:52 The Reliability of the Gospels 21:03 The Resurrection of Jesus 34:42 Conclusion and Future Discussions ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Episode Summary: In this episode of the Apologetics 315 podcast, hosts Brian Auten and Chad Gross welcome Professor Ken Samples to discuss his new book, 'Clear Thinking in a Messy World.' The conversation explores the intersection of logic, critical thinking, and the Christian worldview, emphasizing the importance of discernment and understanding cognitive biases. The hosts and Ken delve into the significance of Jesus as a logician and thinker, the role of science and philosophy in achieving objectivity, and the necessity of careful thinking in today's information-saturated environment. In this conversation, the speakers delve into the significance of logic and critical thinking, emphasizing their role as tools for clearer thinking and better work across various fields. They discuss the importance of understanding logical fallacies while maintaining a charitable approach in discussions. The conversation also highlights the necessity of character development in education, the value of revisiting great books, and the idea of the church functioning as a school for intellectual growth. Practical steps for fostering a more intellectually engaging church environment are shared, along with insights on mastering topics through worldview thinking and utilizing resources effectively for learning. Chapters 00:00 Introduction to the Podcast and Guest 03:30 The Significance of Logic in Christianity 09:55 Jesus as a Logician and Thinker 16:08 The Importance of Discernment in a Messy World 21:58 Understanding Cognitive Biases 29:56 The Role of Science and Philosophy in Objectivity 37:33 The Power of Logic and Critical Thinking 40:08 Understanding Logical Fallacies 48:37 The Importance of Character in Education 49:05 Books That Shape the Mind 56:14 The Church as a School 01:02:58 Mastering a Topic Through Worldview Thinking 01:09:11 Utilizing the Book for Learning ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Episode Summary: In this episode, Brian and Chad welcome Melissa Dougherty, author and apologist, to discuss the influence of the New Thought movement on modern culture and Christianity. Melissa shares insights from her book, explaining how New Thought has infiltrated self-help teachings, Word of Faith theology, and broader church beliefs. She also explores its historical roots and the challenges of recognizing and addressing these ideas in Christian circles. Key Topics Discussed: 1. Introduction to New Thought Overview of New Thought as a movement distinct from New Age beliefs. How it has subtly shaped modern self-help, prosperity gospel, and even mainstream Christian teachings. 2. The Influence of New Thought in Popular Culture Connections to figures like Oprah Winfrey and self-help gurus. The role of books like Think and Grow Rich in spreading New Thought principles. Influence on multi-level marketing (MLM) mindset and motivation tactics. 3. Theological Implications and Concerns How New Thought distorts biblical concepts such as faith, prayer, and God's sovereignty. The impact on Word of Faith theology and the prosperity gospel. The dangers of "manifesting" and the law of attraction from a biblical perspective. 4. Engaging with Those Influenced by New Thought Melissa’s research approach, including attending Unity churches and speaking with adherents. The importance of asking thoughtful questions rather than attacking beliefs. Encouraging discernment and deeper biblical study to counteract misleading teachings. 5. Practical Steps for Listeners How to recognize New Thought influence in Christian teaching. Resources for deeper study, including Melissa’s book and other apologetics materials. Encouragement to develop strong hermeneutics and biblical literacy. Quotable Moments: "New Thought isn’t New Age—it’s something much sneakier because it uses Christian language." "If the faith cure movement, Pentecostalism, and New Thought had a baby, it would be the Word of Faith movement." "We need to understand scripture in context, rather than cherry-picking verses to fit our desires." Resources Mentioned: Happy Lies: How a Movement You Probably Never Heard of Shaped Our Self-Obsessed World by Melissa Dougherty Melissa Dougherty’s YouTube Channel Apologetics 315 Website: apologetics315.com SpeakPipe for listener questions: speakpipe.com/apologetics315 Truthbomb Apologetics Blog: truthbomb.blogspot.com Connect with Us: Email: podcast@apologetics315.com Leave a voice message: speakpipe.com/apologetics315 Subscribe and leave a review on your favorite podcast platform! Thanks for listening! If you enjoyed this episode, share it with a friend and help spread the word. ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You c

Episode Summary: In this first episode of 2025, Brian Auten and Chad Gross dive into a "Cornucopia" of topics, offering an eclectic mix of discussion points for anyone interested in apologetics, Christian living, and the new year ahead. The hosts share insights on their favorite apologetic arguments, explore the reliability of the New Testament, and provide encouragement for Christian parents. They also discuss Wesley Huff's recent debate and appearance on Joe Rogan's podcast, reflecting on lessons learned and the importance of humility and grace in apologetic engagement. The episode wraps up with reflections on God's will, advice for parents raising children in the faith, and plans for upcoming book discussions in the podcast. Time Stamps: 00:00 – Introduction: Happy New Year from Brian and Chad! Overview of the "Cornucopia" episode. 02:31 – Quickfire Apologetics Questions: Favorite topics, arguments, and conversation starters. 09:31 – Favorite Argument to Explain: Resurrection vs. design vs. contingency. 14:24 – Key Question for Non-Believers: How to initiate meaningful faith conversations. 21:22 – Illustrating the Moral Argument: Using movie characters like the Joker to highlight objective morality. 26:05 – Content Creation vs. Artistry: Balancing authenticity with modern pressures of creating content. 40:35 – Wesley Huff's Joe Rogan Appearance: Reflections on debates, patience, and truth in apologetics. 54:43 – Book Club Announcement: Rational Faith by Stephen T. Davis – What to expect. 01:02:01 – Listener Question: What does "God's will" mean in different contexts? 01:13:56 – Encouragement for Christian Parents: When children stray from faith – lessons from Genesis. 01:21:16 – Closing Thoughts and Gratitude: Looking ahead to new episodes and topics. Rational Faith by Stephen T. Davis: https://www.amazon.com/Rational-Faith-Philosophers-Defense-Christianity/dp/0830844740 ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary In this episode of the Apologetics 315 podcast, hosts Brian Auden and Chad Gross engage with Dr. Michael Licona, a prominent New Testament scholar, to discuss his latest book, 'Jesus Contradicted.' The conversation delves into the historical reliability of the Gospels, addressing the differences in accounts and how they can be understood within the context of ancient biography. Dr. Licona shares insights from his extensive research, emphasizing the importance of compositional devices used by ancient biographers and how these techniques can illuminate our understanding of the Gospels. The discussion also explores various responses to Gospel differences, providing a nuanced perspective on the trustworthiness of biblical texts. They discuss the nature of inspiration and inerrancy, emphasizing that the differences in the Gospel accounts do not undermine the truth of Christianity. The dialogue highlights the importance of understanding the historical context and literary techniques employed in ancient writings, advocating for a more nuanced approach to biblical interpretation. Chapters 00:00 Introduction of Michael Licona 01:44 Exploring Gospel Differences and Historical Reliability 08:43 Responses to Gospel Differences 13:26 Understanding the Genre of the Gospels 19:11 Compositional Devices in the Gospels 26:19 Exploring the Resurrection Accounts 30:08 Understanding Compositional Devices in Gospel Writing 34:55 The Nature of Inspiration and Inerrancy 43:35 Practical Approaches to Gospel Differences ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary In this episode of the Apologetics 315 Podcast, host Chad Gross interviews Eric Chabot about his essay, 'Does the Resurrection of Jesus Prove He is the Jewish Messiah?' The conversation explores Chabot's background, his work with Ratio Christi, and the significance of the resurrection in the context of Jewish messianic expectations. Chabot discusses the concept of the Messiah, the varied expectations of the Jewish people in the first century, and the challenges faced when discussing these topics with secular Jews. The episode culminates in Chabot's argument for how the resurrection of Jesus fulfills the role of the Messiah as outlined in the Old Testament. He discusses the role of Israel as a light to the nations and how Jesus fulfills this calling through his ministry and resurrection. He explores Jewish identity, common objections to Jesus as the Messiah, and the significance of the resurrection in proving Jesus' messianic claims. The discussion also delves into the interpretation of Isaiah 53 and the complexities of Jewish reactions to Jesus, emphasizing the need for understanding and dialogue. Eric concludes by recommending resources for further study on these topics. Chapters 00:00 Introduction to Apologetics 315 Podcast 03:11 Interview with Eric Chabot: The Resurrection and the Messiah 09:38 Understanding the Concept of Messiah 13:52 Exploring First Century Messianic Expectations 19:17 Challenges in Conversations about the Messiah 23:55 Making the Case for Jesus as the Jewish Messiah 29:07 Israel's Calling and the Light to the Nations 32:16 Jewish Identity and Beliefs 34:38 Common Objections to Jesus as Messiah 37:25 Evidential Concerns and the Resurrection 41:31 Isaiah 53: The Messianic Debate 47:32 Understanding Jewish Reactions to Jesus 54:14 Resources for Further Study ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary In this episode of the Apologetics 315 podcast, hosts Brian Auten and Chad Gross speak with Benjamin Shaw, a distinguished Christian apologist and author of Trustworthy: 13 Arguments for the Reliability of the New Testament.'The discussion covers Shaw's personal journey into apologetics, the importance of New Testament reliability, and the historical criteria that support it. Shaw emphasizes the cumulative approach to understanding the New Testament, the significance of the Gospels as Greco-Roman biographies, and the value of both Christian and non-Christian sources in establishing the reliability of the New Testament. The conversation also touches on the minimal facts approach to the resurrection and the mission of Core Apologetics to make apologetic resources more accessible to churches and believers. Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Personal Updates 05:46 Introducing Benjamin Shaw and His Work 06:14 Benjamin Shaw's Background and Journey 11:29 Lessons from Gary Habermas 14:52 Core Apologetics and Its Mission 15:50 Exploring New Testament Reliability 16:19 Historical Criteria for Reliability 21:53 Understanding Trustworthiness and Reliability 23:47 Cumulative Approach to Reliability 26:11 Gospels as Greco-Roman Biographies 30:02 Authorship and Its Importance 37:02 Non-Christian Sources and Their Value 41:49 Confidence in Early Sources 48:32 Persuasive Arguments for Reliability 54:39 Minimal Facts vs. Maximal Approach 58:51 Conclusion and Final Thoughts ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary In this conversation, Brian and Chad interview J. Warner Wallace, a former cold case detective turned Christian apologist and author. They discuss his new book, 'The Truth and True Crime: What Investigating Death Teaches Us About the Meaning of Life.' The book explores the intersection of true crime and spirituality, focusing on 15 principles that lead to human flourishing. They delve into topics such as the three motivations behind every crime (money, sex, and power), the dangers of fame and power within the church, the fascination with true crime, and the relevance of the book for both believers and non-believers. In this conversation, they discuss the themes of identity, suffering, and finding meaning in life. They explore how trauma can shatter our worldview and expectations, and how redefining our identity in Christ can help us flourish post-trauma. They also discuss the importance of having a narrative that includes the persisting self and the hope and reduced fear of dying that comes from a Christian worldview. Jim shares his personal struggle with redefining his identity after retiring as a police officer and offers insights on how to find true meaning and purpose in life. Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Overview 03:54 Interview with J. Warner Wallace 09:06 The Dangers of Fame and Power Within the Church 11:26 Marriage and Identity 13:18 The Proximity Principle and Friendships 15:28 The Fascination with True Crime 18:05 Writing with Personal Interest and Creativity 21:53 Relevance for Believers and Non-Believers 23:23 Addressing Both Believers and Unbelievers 24:17 Redefining Identity in Christ: Finding Meaning and Purpose 26:13 Flourishing Post-Trauma: Rethinking Worldview and Expectations 29:06 The Power of a Christian Worldview: Hope and Reduced Fear of Dying 36:53 Finding True Meaning: Making Christ Known Through Our Lives 41:34 Navigating the Risk of Suffering: The Resources of the Christian Worldview ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary In this conversation, Chad Gross interviews Eric Hernandez about the existence of the soul. They discuss the definition of the soul, the relationship between the mind and the brain, and the arguments against physicalism. Eric presents the case for substance dualism and argues that consciousness cannot be reduced to physical properties. They also touch on the panpsychist view of consciousness and its implications. The conversation delves into the philosophy of mind and the implications for atheism and theism. In this conversation, Eric Hernandez discusses the concept of the soul and argues against physicalism and in favor of substance dualism. He presents three arguments for the existence of the soul: identity through change, indivisibility of personhood, and the argument from free will. Hernandez emphasizes that if physicalism is true, determinism is also true, which would undermine moral responsibility and intellectual integrity. He recommends J.P. Moreland's books 'The Soul: How We Know It's Real and Why It Matters' and 'Body and Soul: Human Nature and the Crisis in Ethics' as resources for further study on the philosophy of mind and the soul. Takeaways The soul can be defined as an immaterial substance that possesses consciousness and animates the body. Consciousness cannot be reduced to physical properties, and therefore physicalism is false. Panpsychism suggests that consciousness is fundamental to reality and can arise under the right conditions. The arguments surrounding consciousness and the soul have implications for atheism and theism. The philosophy of mind is an important area of study for understanding the nature of consciousness. The concept of the soul is central to understanding human nature and consciousness. Physicalism, the belief that everything is physical, cannot account for the existence of consciousness and free will. Arguments for the existence of the soul include identity through change, indivisibility of personhood, and the argument from free will. If physicalism is true, determinism is also true, which undermines moral responsibility and intellectual integrity. Further study on the philosophy of mind and the soul can be pursued through books by J.P. Moreland. Sound Bites "I don't have a soul, but rather I am a soul and I have a body." "If physicalism is true, consciousness can't exist." "Why not just become a Christian? That's exactly the heart of the Christian worldview." "Philosophy of mind is where it's at and where it's going to be." "I am either an immaterial soul or an immaterial substance." "I am not a purely physical object. I am a soul." Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Movie Discussion 02:40 Interview with Eric Hernandez: The Existence of the Soul 09:30 Defining the Soul and Substance Dualism 19:27 Consciousness and the Mind-Brain Relationship 25:06 Objections to Dualism and the Panpsychist View 31:43 Justin Schieber's View on Consciousness 36:28 Moral Obligation and Implications for Atheism and Theism 37:28 Understanding the Concept of the Soul 39:26 Challenging Physicalism and Arguing for Substance Dualism 44:32 Three Arguments for the Existence of the Soul 50:02 The Implications of Determinism for Moral Responsibility and Intellectual Integrity 58:01 Recommended Resources for Further Study on the Soul ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary Robbie Lashua discusses the Stand to Reason (STR) Outposts initiative, its purpose, and the process of starting one at a local church. He shares his journey of getting involved with STR and his role as the outpost coordinator. The conversation also covers the flexibility of outposts, the target audience, and the use of STRU courses for small group discussions. Robbie is interviewed about STR's Outpost program, which equips local churches with apologetics resources. The program allows flexibility for churches to use other materials but requires adherence to STR's mission statement. Outposts are not meant to teach doctrinal distinctives, and the local church is responsible for indoctrinating its members. Outpost directors have access to resources and support from STR for managing difficult personalities and theological issues. The program has seen significant growth and is open to churches of all sizes. https://www.str.org/outposts Takeaways STR Outposts provide small group curriculum for training lay people in apologetics within local churches. The target audience for STR Outposts is lay people in the church who are not equipped to compete in the marketplace of ideas and culture. The use of STRU courses and small group discussions makes apologetics training more accessible and digestible for lay people in the church. STR's Outpost program equips local churches with apologetics resources and allows flexibility in using other materials. Outposts are not meant to teach doctrinal distinctives, and the responsibility for indoctrinating members lies with the local church. Outpost directors have access to resources and support from STR for managing difficult personalities and theological issues. The program has seen significant growth and is open to churches of all sizes. Chapters 00:00 The Purpose of STR Outposts 03:16 Starting an STR Outpost at Your Church 06:00 Flexibility and Target Audience of STR Outposts 22:33 Equipping Local Churches with Apologetics Resources 26:24 Navigating Doctrinal Distinctives and Flexibility in Apologetics 38:37 Support and Resources for Outpost Directors 42:26 Growth and Inclusivity of the Outpost Program ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary Nate Sala shares his journey from leaving the church to becoming a Christian, his ministry Wise Disciple, and his insights on debate and persuasion. He discusses the importance of objectivity in debate analysis and the criteria for judging debates. The conversation covers various aspects of debate preparation, styles, and strategies, as well as the role of emotion and rhetoric in debates. It also delves into the significance of cross-examination and the art of debate, along with the impact of personal biases and emotional connections in the context of debates. The conversation concludes with a discussion on the host's channel and its content. Takeaways Nate Sala's personal journey from leaving the church to becoming a Christian highlights the role of apologetics in evangelism. Wise Disciple ministry focuses on helping Christians effectively incorporate theology and apologetics into their conversations. Nate Sala's insights on debate and persuasion emphasize the importance of objectivity and the criteria for judging debates. Debate preparation involves considering the opponent, the topic, and the audience. Emotional connection and rhetoric play a significant role in debates, alongside logical arguments. Cross-examination is a crucial aspect of debates, allowing debaters to showcase their critical thinking abilities. Personal biases and emotional connections can influence the analysis and perception of debates. The guest's channel offers content on debate analysis, sermon breakdowns, and Bible study sessions. Chapters 00:00 Introduction to the Podcast 02:12 The Journey to Faith and Ministry 09:06 Insights on Debate and Persuasion 26:14 Emotion and Rhetoric in Debates 33:41 The Significance of Cross-Examination 45:26 Exploring the Host's Channel and Content ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com

Summary In this episode, Brian and Chad interview Travis Dickinson about the argument from reason. They discuss the different options for explaining the existence of logical principles, focusing on naturalism and Platonism. Travis argues that if God does not exist, logical principles either do not exist or exist as brute abstract objects. He explains that naturalism, which denies the existence of anything outside the natural world, cannot account for the existence of logical principles. Platonism, on the other hand, posits the existence of abstract objects in a separate realm, but this explanation is ad hoc and lacks independent reasons. Travis concludes that the most plausible explanation for logical principles is the existence of God. In this part of the conversation, Brian and Travis discuss the argument from reason and its connection to the existence of God. They explore the idea that our ability to reason and use logic points to the existence of a higher mind, which they identify as God. They also discuss how the argument from reason can be used in practical apologetics to engage with skeptics and point them towards Christ. Takeaways The argument from reason posits that if God does not exist, logical principles either do not exist or exist as brute abstract objects. Naturalism, which denies the existence of anything outside the natural world, cannot account for the existence of logical principles. Platonism, which posits the existence of abstract objects in a separate realm, is an ad hoc explanation without independent reasons. The most plausible explanation for logical principles is the existence of God. Our ability to reason and use logic suggests the existence of a higher mind, which can be identified as God. The argument from reason can be used in practical apologetics to engage with skeptics and challenge their worldview. The moral argument may be more effective in hitting people in the gut, but the argument from reason provides a strong intellectual foundation for belief in God. Studying logic and critical thinking can be seen as a way of studying God and living in a way that reflects the mind of Christ. The argument from reason points to the idea that God is the greatest conceivable being, worthy of worship and the normative standard for reasoning. Chapters 00:00 Introduction 01:17 Guest Introduction 03:33 The Incompatibility of Naturalism and Logical Principles 05:01 Reason as the Observable Phenomenon 06:29 The Plausibility of God as the Ground of Logical Principles 16:21 The Ad Hoc Nature of Platonism 24:23 The Limitations of Platonism 26:14 The Need for a Ground of Logical Principles 27:13 The Argument from Reason and the Existence of God 30:07 The Platonic View vs. the Theistic View 35:17 Jesus as the Originating Logical Principle 39:38 Jesus as the Ground of Being and Logic 51:03 The End of Every Philosophical Question is God ================================ We appreciate your feedback. If you’re on TWITTER, you can follow Chad @TBapologetics. You can follow Brian @TheBrianAuten And of course, you can follow @Apologetics315 If you have a question or comment for the podcast, record it and send it our way using www.speakpipe.com/Apologetics315 or you can email us at podcast@apologetics315.com